Define who reviews each case, who can approve changes and how the workflow recovers when something goes wrong.
| Transition | Responsibility | Condition to establish |
|---|---|---|
| Observe | Source and process owners | The event has an identity and enough context to investigate. |
| Review | Responsible operating team | The evidence is current, relevant and understood. |
| Authorize | Designated decision owner | The proposed action is permitted and approved. |
| Confirm | Execution owner | The outcome is recorded, or an exception is assigned. |
Define when a decision is needed, what information supports it and who has authority to act. Assign responsibility for each stage before automating the process.
Begin with the current process and identify its meaningful states. A case may be detected, assigned, reviewed, approved, executed and verified. Define what each state means and which transition requires a person, an external system or additional evidence.
An event can start an investigation without providing everything needed for a decision. Define the records that must be gathered, the acceptable freshness and the checks required before the next step. If an essential source is unavailable, the workflow needs a visible waiting or exception state.
Use business identifiers to connect the case across systems. Preserve the original event and any later corrections. A reviewer should be able to understand why the case exists, which assumptions were used and what changed during the review.
A workflow may receive the same event twice, lose a connection after an action or wait for an approval while the underlying situation changes. Use idempotent action boundaries where possible and recheck important conditions before execution. Record whether an action was attempted, accepted or confirmed.
Some operations can be reversed; others need a compensating business action. Define recovery with the process owner rather than assuming a technical rollback can undo every consequence. Provide an exception queue with ownership and enough evidence to resolve the case.
Revalidate the decision against the current evidence and the scope of that approval. Agree which changes require renewed review before execution proceeds.
Show the uncertain state and assign an investigation owner. Confirm the outcome before marking the action complete or attempting it again.

Walk through ordinary and difficult cases using realistic evidence. Include an absent approver, a late correction, a rejected action and a duplicate event. Observe whether users understand the state and can recover without relying on undocumented knowledge.
Track unresolved cases, time spent waiting for information and actions whose outcomes have been confirmed. Use these measures to find delays and improve the workflow as automation grows.